Dr. Deepak Padmanabhan:

On the agency thing, it is a very interesting point. When we talk about human agency, it is about looking backwards and seeing how we reached the underpinning reasons behind the phenomenon we are analysing, and then maybe looking forwards at where we should reach and so on. There is a historical nature to human agency that is not something any machine can replace. Machines at the end of the day are programmed to work in a particular way. They might be very sophisticated but they do what they are instructed to do. As long as they are dependent on the data, and the data is generated by humans who live in a society where there are stereotypes and so on, that necessarily transfers over to AI to cause discriminatory things. By default, AI will be discriminatory. We need to actively get it to be non-discriminatory, as it were. It is in its DNA, so to speak, that it would be discriminatory.