Dr. Barry Cullen:

Some of this is quite straightforward in relation to work, education and housing. In an immediate sense, one of the main objectives of a practitioner in the field is to try to mobilise family and neighbourhood support around an individual. That family relationship structure and neighbourhood structure is impaired as a result of the criminality. There is the constant knocking on the door by the police, the young people being stopped and searched and so on. A whole framework develops around the individual that confines them and inhibits the capacity of the family and the neighbourhood to instrument the type of support that would be necessary in their recovery and alienates them within that system.