Mr. Ciarán Nugent:

In the past couple of years, it has mostly been workers driving the increases in deprivation, even by household composition. Households with three workers have seen their deprivation go up. We talked about real wage growth. A lot of that was being driven by top earners until 2023. If you look at the median wage earner for the last year where we have the latest distribution data, they are down over five years compared with 2018. A lot of workers outside the top 10% have not seen their wages keep up with inflation. Housing is on top of that as well. We have seen the deprivation rates of renters go up. As we continue to spend on HAP, it is not even working in terms of the minimum essential standard of living for workers. There are a lot of people still below the living wage. It is €2 between minimum wage and the minimum essential standard of living. Those are the groups that are being-----