Ms Emer Mullins:

It was a company called Connect the Dots, which did an independent survey of applicants and those who were appealing to IPAT, as well as a number of other stakeholders. Its findings were published as part of the end-to-end review. That told us where the pain was in the system. I do not mean to use consultant speak. I have an NGO background, so it is certainly not common to me.