Professor Mark Lawler:

On the Deputy's very good question as to why we are seeing this increase, it is partially because cancer is a disease of older people. Our older population will increase exponentially over the next 20 to 30 years. That is part of the thing. As the Deputy said, it is really important we focus on prevention, lifestyle, and on social determinants of health. That is an area we have highlighted as needing to be looked at. Professor Gallagher highlighted, for example, that we have 210,000 people living with cancer on the island of Ireland. We are not doing enough for them in terms of survivorship research to actually see what the challenges they face. That is the reason we work with Mr. McCormick very closely. We want to find out what the challenges are and how we then address them. Cancer is unfortunately a disease of older people so it is going to increase anyway, but it is really important we are looking at ways in which we can stop it increasing more than it should increase. That is really important. At the moment, what percentage does the Deputy think is spent on cancer prevention research in Europe? Will the Deputy make an educated guess?