Professor John O'Brennan:

That is also crucial with respect to referendums because it is not only Deputies and Senators but councillors who we will be relying on to go out into their local areas and talk about Europe. If they feel they do not have the competence to do that, it is a real problem. I agree with Deputy Howlin that every incoming Member should have an induction into the workings of European Union. I also suggest that every university should make it compulsory for students to take at least one module to learn how the European Union works because it spills over into virtually every policy area nowadays. As a matter of civic commitment and competence, that would be a positive step forward.