Dr. David Duffy:

It is a very complex area. An awful lot of organisations have responsibility - the social media companies, schools, parents and the general community. Bullying, particularly cyberbullying, is not restricted by time or place so we all have a responsibility to make sure we prevent it as much as we possibly can and deal with it as well as we can when it does happen.

On where bullying can take place, an interesting report during lockdown - in February last - indicated that the incidence of cyberbullying rose dramatically when the schools were closed. That is not to say that schools do not have cases to deal with as well. It is interesting that bullying takes place in many different contexts. Schools have to deal with bullying that happens within their control and jurisdiction when they become aware of it.

I will address the question on the conversation with parents where possibly a child may be suspected of engaging in bullying. I can say from personal experience that it is an incredibly difficult conversation. It is important to remember that the research suggests the vast majority of people who engage in bullying are themselves victims of bullying in a different context. That has to be borne in mind. It can be a difficult conversation. Naturally, parents will be deeply concerned if there is a fear around that of if a child is suspected of any misconduct in the school, whether it is bullying or anything else. Understandably, the parents are going to be worried and can be distressed. There needs to be support and understanding all round. That is why guidance counsellors, home school liaison officers and year heads are important in mediating and in showing everyone that we all have responsibility.