Ms Siobhán Cummiskey:

I will speak briefly about our bullying policies. I will explain a little about what we mean by degrading and shaming. A good example would be a page set up specifically to degrade or shame an individual. That would violate our policies. Sharing any photos or videos of somebody being bullied with the intention of condoning the behaviour or further mocking or bullying the person is not allowed. We also do not allow any kind of text or image overlay on a private person's image as that would violate our policies. One really important thing is that context is key when it comes to bullying. While one person might look at something objectively and think it is bullying, the person receiving that information may not feel bullied by it. That is why it is so nuanced. People have been trying for years to solve the problem of bullying and to address it both offline and online. We have been looking at the issue of bullying for many years. We have been up and running with our reporting systems and community standards for over a decade and we also try very hard to understand and tackle this problem.

One really important thing about our bullying policy is that it is important who reports. If somebody set up a page called "Siobhán Cummiskey is really pretty" and I know from my offline world that that person has set up that page to degrade and shame me and that in the context of my world, in my school or whatever it is, that is a really common thing people say to degrade and shame me, if Siobhán Cummiskey reports that page in that circumstance, we will understand that she is reporting it as bullying. She understands it to be bullying and we would remove it on that basis. That is a particular nuance of our bullying policy that we do not have for other policies. That is one way that we try to tackle it but I am only speaking to our policy. Ms de Bailliencourt will answer some of the reporting questions the committee had and how we work with third parties on this issue.