Mr. John McCarthy:

The third point Deputy Kieran O'Donnell made was about the other component of investment. It is composed of two elements, one of which is aircraft and very volatile. The other is a new element - investment in research and development. The Deputy may remember that in July the CSO made methodological changes which boosted the level of GDP by a dramatic amount, €10.5 billion. Three quarters of this shift in the level of GDP was due to the capitalisation of research and development spending. It used to be treated as intermediate consumption, in other words, it was an input into production. We subtracted it from GDP and it is now included above the line.