Mr. James Doorley:

That is true. In terms of sanctions, the carrot and stick approach is an issue. Deputy Byrne mentioned that as well. The European Union always worked in this area on the basis of voluntary participation and more on the name-and-fame approach rather than the name-and-shame approach. It is a question of whether a member state is trying to do something and failing or is not bothered. If a member state, through its economic or social policies, were to create instability in Europe or social unrest, that would be an issue for the rest of the European Union. It could create a problem whereby a member state which has limited resources would get punished for not doing more, which punishes people in the state more because there is less money going into an area. It is a catch-22 situation. As Ms O’Connor said, the carrot approach is preferable but there must be a sanction. That brings me back to the point made by Deputy Byrne that as a last resort we need some sanction if a member state is failing to act on youth employment or other issues because it does not care or is not bothered. If they do not deal with it then it will probably become an issue for the rest of the European Union.