Eamon Ryan (Dublin Bay South, Green Party) | Oireachtas source

First, the introduction of E10 will take place on 1 July this year but it does not necessarily mean the biofuel content will be 10%. I think it has to be over 5.5% and because it is a competitive market and different suppliers have different arrangements, they will decide how they will use the ethanol. Similarly, we have the B7 on the diesel side.

On the broader issue of hyrdotreated vegetable oil, HVO, and the role of biofuels, while it will have a role, it will be limited because it is a scarce resource globally. A lot of HVO comes from used cooking oil but there is a limited quantity of it globally so we have to be careful about seeing that as the solution to every single problem, be it in heating or transport.

Regarding advice for vehicle owners, E10 is an issue for much older vehicles. The AA has provided a good service in this area. It has provided a lot of detail this week on how to manage with the new E10 fuel, its characteristics in the context of maintaining and looking after one's vehicle and so on.

That switch and the setting of standards for biofuels within our fuel mix will deliver just over 1.08 million tonnes of emissions reductions, so it a very significant part of our emissions reductions efforts in transport. However, that is pretty much the limit of it. Technically and technologically, we will not be able to go beyond that level of abatement. That said, we do need that transition to meet our overall target.