Ms Julie Inman Grant:

We have an interesting governance arrangement. We sit in the Australian Communications and Media Authority. That is the traditional media and communications regulator. It has taken on the role around misinformation and, to a degree, disinformation, as has, when it comes to disinformation by state actors, our home affairs division. The authority has developed a code of practice with the high technology industry about misinformation and disinformation. That is of concern.

We have a stronger prevention of media literacy programme. Part of what we do is teach through parents or educators what we call the 4Rs for the digital age: respect, responsibility, building digital resilience and critical reasoning skills. Critical reasoning skills are important in helping young people and adults discern fact from fiction, whether or not an impostor account is attacking them or whether they are being socially engineered for a scam. Teaching these skills at home to start with so people question everything and in schools is critical. It is a skill set we all need to address. We have not specifically addressed vaccine hesitancy in this context.