Pre-release preparation can include transfer to a less secure institution or an open prison, supervised outings, unsupervised outings, opportunities to attend work experience or training and residential treatment for alcohol or drug addiction. In addition, the Prison Service provides a wide range of rehabilitative programmes which provide prisoners with the opportunity to engage in useful and purposeful activity while serving their sentences and serve as an incentive for them to lead non-offending lives on release. In addition, most offenders will have had contact with the probation and welfare officers, the prison education service and other services within the prison to facilitate preparation for their return to the community.