To take the example of the category of information obtained in confidence, as it is termed in the Act, the relevant section in the principal Act states that the head of a Department should refuse to grant information if the information had been given in confidence to a Department of State. It also states that if the head of a Department decides to refuse to grant information, he or she must set out the reasons, in the public interest, that he or she made that refusal. In effect, by allowing a head of a Department to give a neither confirm nor deny response, it will not be necessary – certainly it will not be open to independent scrutiny – for the head of a Department to decide to set out why he or she is making a particular decision or to what the public interest test that has been applied amounts. In many cases, it could amount to virtually nothing.