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Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Brian Leddin: ...in a significant way last week. Today, we will probably get into the storage question a little more. There is an interest among committee members in talking more about liquefied natural gas, LNG. In that regard, we have quite a few witnesses before us. Ms Aoife MacEvilly, chairperson of the Commission for Regulation of Utilities, CRU, is very welcome back. She is joined by Mr. Paul...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

...when Russian soldiers invaded Ukraine on 24 February. Policymakers no longer have the luxury of tackling one crisis at a time. There has been renewed debate about the value or merit of an Irish LNG import terminal. Such a terminal would be costly and would probably rely on fracked gas imports or come from countries with poor human rights records, as well as having grave consequences...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Brian Leddin: ...that has come up significantly in the series of meetings we have had. From our previous meetings with the regulator, she is on record as having stated she sees a role for liquified natural gas, LNG. It seems the conversation around LNG and green hydrogen is changing quite rapidly even within a matter of months, and in the context of the current crisis it is being talked about much more....

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

...around that fuel source. The Chairman mentioned storage and there is an opportunity around gas storage facilities. If we were looking at onshore gas storage facilities linked with potential LNG imports, they would be designed for future storage of green hydrogen. In designing at that level, they would also be usable for LNG imports in the interim until we have access to green...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Pauline O'Reilly: I thank the witnesses for their opening statements, which will form part of the report. When we talk about security of supply, cost is important. Having LNG terminals does not mean it is, therefore, an indigenous industry such as offshore renewable wind would be where we have control over the cost and the amount we have. In her opening statement, Ms Connolly went into some detail about the...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

...absolutely the case there is a cost associated with all that infrastructure. We already incorporated that on the electricity side in our price review, PR5. When it comes to gas infrastructure and LNG, it can be a little different. It really depends on whether we are going down the route of commercial infrastructure or strategic infrastructure. For example, the Shannon LNG import...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

...with imports of supplies. We will face that cost no matter what. If the EU is to reduce its reliance on the import of Russian gas, as it has declared, it will be increasing its import of LNG supplies, which is a global market. LNG supplies tend to be more expensive. At a time when the market is tight and a number of countries or regions, such as Europe or China, may be competing for...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

...Ireland Research Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine, has recommended targeting 250,000 solar photovoltaic, PV, installations on homes, given that it would reduce fossil fuel use. Finally, on LNG, one important consideration regarding a private terminal is that the private operator would want to make back its capital investment as soon as possible. However, at the same time, in...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Christopher O'Sullivan: I thank the witnesses for their opening statements. I was concerned last year when the CRU attended a meeting of the committee and would not rule out the future building of LNG terminals or infrastructure of that sort in Ireland. Today it seems there is even stronger advocacy of the building of LNG terminals to ensure energy security. The reason I am concerned is that this comes in the...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

...in such a way that we are not locking in fossil fuel infrastructure that cannot be further used. We must ensure that we are considering how we would then decarbonise that. We must ensure that any LNG or storage infrastructure can also be used for hydrogen and green hydrogen as we get to the points of the technology and the commercial delivery of those opportunities. I hope that helps.

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

...to keep open a discussion and dialogue around the alternatives that might be there and to perhaps look to examples and alternatives. The German Government recently said it needed to deploy more LNG. Uniper, the utility in Germany, stated that if it is going to do that, it will design it for hydrogen but will ensure it is able to facilitate LNG in the meantime. We need to start asking...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Christopher O'Sullivan: ...on the Greenlink interconnector in 2024 and on the Celtic interconnector in 2027. Surely, by the time they are in place, they will give us the security we need before we go down the route of LNG terminals.

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Ms Tara Connolly: I want to add that it is not guaranteed that an LNG terminal can be turned into a hydrogen terminal. On the RWE project that was mentioned, they are actually building an ammonia import terminal right beside an LNG import terminal. They are going to start studying how this could work together. In Brussels, we have often been told that we should not worry about LNG...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Richard Bruton: ...reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. As part of this, do we need to look much more deeply at how we approach this? It seems there is a bit of an ideological hang-up on whether we have an LNG facility, when the elephant in the room is the fact that a lot of our sectors are deeply entrenched in such a way that we are not really shifting them by current policy. As an allied point,...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Brian Leddin: ...gas. In her opening statement, Ms Connolly was very clear that fracked gas can be just as bad as coal in terms of its climate impact. Does the CRU have a view on this? If it is advocating for LNG, and there is a considerable risk that the source of LNG could be fracked, are we not then putting ourselves in a position where we are actually contributing to climate change to the same...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Dr. Paul McGowan: Forgive me if I repeat myself. I go back to something I said in a previous appearance before this committee. When we talk about LNG, we are talking about gas security of supply and ensuring we have a secure transition to a zero-carbon future. This is the context within which we talk about LNG. We want a debate on the role of LNG in how Ireland secures its energy future...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Brian Leddin: Officials appeared before this committee a few months ago and we spoke about how, at European level, efforts are being made to make the distinction between fracked and conventional LNG, which is welcome. Deputy Cronin is joining us from her office.

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

...a global methane pledge but it remains to be seen how valuable that will be. Regarding where we are likely to get it from, last year, the US became the largest exporter of gas, primarily through LNG, so it is very likely it would come from there. Admittedly, there could be some coming in to UK LNG terminals. The question is whether us building an LNG terminal would encourage increased...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

..., perhaps they should be paying more. It would be interesting to see some modelling as to how often we would expect something to happen with the UK interconnectors or how often we expect such an LNG terminal to be used. Most LNG terminals today are built on the back of a 20-year contract, so one is promising to buy gas for 20 years. If one does not sign such a contract, the cost goes...

Joint Oireachtas Committee on Climate Action: Energy Challenges: Discussion (29 Mar 2022)

Réada Cronin: My first question is for Ms Connolly and follows up on that. In her presentation she spoke about the fugitive leak of methane in the US and the need for us to watch the shale aspect of any LNG import and use. While we are very good at ticking boxes on commitments and even achievements, without putting source and impact into context, we will have a job trying to communicate this to others....