One of the welcome provisions of this Bill is that relating to dual-use materials. This is crucial in that it criminalises not only those who use materials in their weaponised form but also those who seek to develop and produce materials in laboratories with hostile purpose. This applies particularly to dual-use materials which may have a civilian purpose as well as a hostile purpose. I am not sure whether the civilian use of Botox is beneficial - the jury is out on that, but we will know in the future. Any development that seeks to criminalise those who use their scientific knowledge for such hostile purposes under the false cover of a civilian purpose is welcome.

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