Dr. Dan McQuillan:

I just wanted to mention the concept, because it comes up so much in these kinds of discussion, of the human in the loop, whether the loop is symbolic AI or the kind of AI that we have got, which is the fundamentally opaque type. Apart from the fundamental opacity being an abandonment of due process, I just want to point out that the human in the loop in itself does not solve these problems because having a human in the loop is not due process per se. Also, the human in the loop in an algorithmic environment is subject to all of those same kinds of automation bias and choice architecture that we already find in social media. We certainly, in any of these conversations, need to go far beyond having a human in the loop.