Paul Murphy (Dublin South West, Solidarity)

I thank Ms Keatinge for that.

It was mentioned last week that AI is being used in the public sector to process grant applications in the Department of agriculture, to streamline the process, etc. The officials stated this was not high-risk activity. At the very least, it is a grey area in some respects. It definitely seems to me that if such a process were to be used for social welfare applications, it would be a black-and-white issue, clearly posing a high risk under the definition. The opening statement mentioned examples from other jurisdictions, including the Netherlands, where flawed AI systems caused serious and systemic rights violations in welfare provision. Could Ms Keatinge say a little about what happened and the dangers in this area?