Mr. Gerard Brady:

I will talk about the resilience piece and our work on biodiversity. There will probably need to be an exceptional amount of investment in resilience, probably much larger than we have had so far, over the next number years. We can see the impact, purely from a business perspective, of the lack of resilience in water and grid capacity after the storms recently. That had a major impact on lots of companies, where we saw some major manufacturing plants knocked offline for a number of days because, effectively, of a lack of climate resilience. We are going to need to invest materially in that. That has a material cost for businesses.

There are 39 trade associations in IBEC, most of which are doing work in one form or another with their own members. They are trying to encourage work on biodiversity, not just decarbonisation, and broader climate issues like water quality. We have groups working within the membership trying to encourage companies to do shared learning. We find the space we can probably play in most effectively is trying to share practice and best practice between companies across the different networks and sectors we have.