Mr. Dara Turnbull:

Regarding turnkeys, an emerging trend across many parts of Europe sees AHB-type entities providing more of their housing through turnkey-type arrangements, usually pre-purchased or pre-planned. There are two main reasons for that, and it is probably the same in Ireland. One is the quite restrictive rules around public procurement, which can add extreme delays, with appeals, transparency and so on, in the process of delivering affordable housing, which adds additional costs. With cost rental, that cost is ultimately borne by the tenants. That is one reason that needs to be considered.

The second reason is access to land. As Professor Norris mentioned, some of the publicly available land may not be suitable for developing additional affordable housing schemes but there are other parcels of land that are currently privately held. Turnkey is a mechanism to access those private parcels of land. That is not just an Irish phenomenon. That really is a European phenomenon.