Pa Daly (Kerry, Sinn Fein) | Oireachtas source

I thank the witnesses for their submissions. Many of them spoke on fairness and equity.

On a related point, the international wholesale price of gas is down 74% since 2022, while, at the same time, retail prices remain up by 75%. Do the witnesses have any views on the restructuring of network charges and the PSO levy, which seems to be skewed against householders and small businesses in favour of data centres?

In response to Senator Higgins's question about the reference year, Mr. Price and Professor McMullin both said it was 2015. Would Professors Sweeney and Daly also set 2015 as the base year?

Reference was made to aviation and shipping emissions. What approaches have other EU member states taken in that regard? Do the witnesses recommend any of those approaches?

Professor Daly referred in her submission to five key areas for decarbonisation. One of the Ministers of State at the Department of climate said recently that we had dropped the ball on offshore renewable energy. Professor Daly mentioned wind and solar, electrifying transport, reducing unnecessary car use, retrofitting - we see the lack of funding for retrofitting and heat pumps in particular - and the decarbonisation of industry. She also mentioned policy levers. What policy levers could be pulled to accelerate action in the five key areas she mentioned?