Maurice Quinlivan (Limerick City, Sinn Fein)

Before we move on to round two, I want to ask a quick question. In her opening statement, Dr. Hartney stated that the ratification of the protocol is very welcome but that its purpose is to serve as a point of escalation once all national remedies have been exhausted. What did she mean by the phrase "national remedies have been exhausted"? She also said that it is likely to be too early for there to be much activity at UN level from Irish complaints. Have there been many? Do the witnesses have any idea of the numbers and types of complaints that have been escalated to the UN under the protocol?