Dr. Susan Leavy:

That group was hugely influential. We know that terms like "transparency", "accountability" and "explainability" come from those principles. Professor O'Sullivan was chair of that group. With the EU AI Act, I know several researchers are involved. I was not directly involved but we wrote a paper on general purpose AI, such as ChatGPT. It involved putting in the amendments on making sure that the models had some traceability. It is very much soft power. At the moment, I am the representative for Ireland on the group working out the guidelines for harms for prohibited AI. I am sure that I am not the only researcher on this.

Regarding who should conduct the assessments, the DSA and the AI Act call for audits by third-party assessments, if there is high risk. If there is low risk, companies can assess themselves. They are given a check list and they conduct these internal assessments. Otherwise, there should be a rule for third-party audits to investigate and ensure that the companies are transparent.