Mr. Brian Honan:

I believe there is one in Belgium and one in Germany. I cannot recall the name of it. Within the United Kingdom, there is a scheme called the cyber essentials scheme and cyber essentials plus. Indeed the UK has a system whereby a company that is going to do business with any public body in the UK, must be at least cyber essentials certified. We do not have an equivalent here in Ireland for that. There is an international standard called ISO 27001. That is viewed as a gold standard from a cybersecurity point of view and is potentially quite difficult for SMEs, which are a big concern for us in respect of NIS2.

While they will not be directly regulated by NIS2 and the national cyber security Bill, they will have to be managed by their customers, who are regulated, to make sure they have adequate security in place.