Mr. Eoin Dorgan:

In some respects, this is where we really have to set out the exact requirements in the tender. One of the complexities of a PPP is that we are defining the outcome we want but it is also one of the advantages in the sense that we have projects that locked down and are not being altered. What we have seen from some of the studies is that the two biggest risks to projects being delivered on budget are optimism bias and project development issues. That applies when things are changing in construction so we are leaving yourself open to those changes. In terms of maintenance or care, what we are weighing up is the balance of the economies of scale of making the operator of this, who is required to hand it back in a specified condition at the end, responsible for the maintenance and, therefore, it is incentivised to maintain it to that high standard throughout. This is weighed up by the sponsoring agencies and Departments. The operator is including and budgeting for that from the outset so as to get the best value in terms of delivering that project back to us at the end of 25 years in the predefined state.