Dr. Ciaran Byrne:

We talked about the villas, and I want to let the committee know that new energy performance of buildings regulations are coming out: the revised EPBD, which is the base from which the BER comes. One of the provisions now is minimum energy performance standards. We have to lift the entire performance of the housing stock in the country up by a certain percentage by certain years, and it is geared and weighted towards the worst-performing homes. In other words, countries cannot just get the ones nearest to the mark and push them over the try line, so to speak. They have to go to the worst-performing homes. The villas that were mentioned would probably be in the frame for that, and we are also doing some pilot work with local authorities on how we blend in the schemes. A lot of the estates - not all of them but a lot of them - are now mixed-tenure estates. They are local authority-owned as well as privately owned, and there are the can-pay or cannot-pay schemes. We have some good experience with regard to relatively small pilot schemes that we are building out.