Dr. Catherine Conlon:

There are probably two phases. There are those who were in the healthcare system at the point where the law changed. There has been a radical change in the law and they were at mid-practice point when the law was implemented. Values clarification is something the WHO developed and the HSE engaged on. That was a very detailed exercise that went into hospital settings and engaged with multiple disciplines and all levels and forms of staff within hospitals. It had that detailed engagement on how the law had changed and what providing this care meant. At the point of early implementation, that seemed to have a strong impact in the ability, at the wider institutional level, for there to be a more fine-grained understanding of how this service could work that allowed an enabling of people to opt into the service. The review references putting in place the conditions for those who are willing to provide to speak to managers and create that condition, rather than a broad-level institutional culture prevailing. That is, on the one hand, about addressing the situation that exists when the law changes so radically. It is also about embedding it into ongoing education and training for the teacher-clinician.