Dr. Alan Barrett:

I will make one last point and then I will hand over. This is not a casual observation but an informed observation. Comparing policymaking North and South, some of the great advances in the South were achieved because the European Union, through various funding packages, created a culture of integrated policy formulation. If the Senator remembers the various national development plans over the years, there was a real effort to force people to think of how all these things knit together, including their housing, transport and energy investment. Much money was put into human capital. The legacy people think of now when thinking of European Union money is the road network, the port tunnel and so on, but the European Union put much money into regional technical colleges, further and higher education and so on. There was a degree of integration. My observation on policymaking in Northern Ireland is that a great difficulty is that their departments tend to be rather siloed. That is partly as a result of mandatory coalition. It actually relates to the structure of civil service departments too. When I say that in theory the Executive can invest and do all these things, there is a requirement to have a much more integrated sense of policymaking in Northern Ireland. That is a challenge. Sorry, Dr. McGuinness. I monopolised time for a moment.