Mr. Dale Crammond:

The climate action plan sets out very clearly a series of core measures ranging from 3.7 to 4.2 Mt. It was very clear when we published those figures in the plan that a series of additional measures would be needed to bring us into the required range. We have already heard a little bit about anaerobic digestion. That will undoubtedly play a role. We can manage the manure from our cattle and take the methane from that manure through the anaerobic digestion process and get a direct benefit into the agricultural inventory. We are also putting a great deal of effort into the area of feed additives, which will play a role. Teagasc is working on this. There is a particular product called 3-NOP that is showing promise. It has been approved by the European Food Safety Authority. Teagasc has starting trialling it. We know it works and delivers a 30% methane reduction over indoor house systems through total mixed ration diets. The challenge now is to develop a slow release bolus to add that feed additive to dairy cows and potentially to beef animals at pasture to give us the mitigation wins we need to bring us to our final target.