Dr. Rosaleen McDonagh:

I am very worried that nobody has mentioned other than myself the importance of a human rights framework in our humanitarian response. This is an emergency and I know that sometimes when one reacts to an emergency one does what one can in the moment. However, it is crucial that we do not ignore or violate human rights. In our responses, we must not overdo charity while not prioritising human rights because I really think no response, or a response that negates human rights principles, is neither really a response nor is it sustainable. I appreciate and understand that in the moment one does what one can and is appropriate but we will be almost as bad as the Russian perpetrator if we do not build a human rights framework into our response because that would re-traumatise mothers and children all over again.

I thank all the witnesses for appearing before the committee today to contribute to this very timely discussion. In particular, I thank Ms Dmytriieva for being willing to share her story. I also express my sympathies over her suffering.

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has brought the reality of Article 11 into very sharp focus. The horrors and challenges of conflict are even more acutely felt by disabled people and their families. In examining this area, including at last week's committee on the same topic, we are aware of the significant negative impacts on people with disabilities during not only conflicts but also humanitarian emergencies and natural disasters.

My first few questions are for all the witnesses. We have all been struck by the incredible support for the Ukrainian people by the Irish people. We are also aware that other refugees, such as Syrians and Afghans, have been more difficult to reach. Are there any suggestions for what the Government could do to develop a more standardised approach to ensure that people with disabilities or additional needs are supported to reach our country, access international protection and have parity in access to supports and information?

How are other countries working more effectively with disabled people to develop policies and mechanisms to best ensure safety in disaster and conflict situations? The growing impacts and risks of climate change have been mentioned in this discussion more so than at last week's committee meeting. What proactive approaches can be taken to best prepare for climate-related events and emergencies? As Dr. McDonagh said, building a human rights-based framework is crucial.

My next question is specifically for Mr. Harris. He mentioned that it is highly probable that many undiagnosed autistic adults will arrive in Ireland, particularly women. I ask him to outline the urgent measures that need to be implemented to identify these individuals and ensure they get the care they need.

Dr. McDonagh noted issues that may arise with refugees seeking disability services. Given the current state of services, especially for children, we are all concerned that this may take years if we are being realistic. Even getting in the door can be a challenge. What proactive measures should the HSE be taking now to provide information to refugees?