Ms Frances Haugen:

I will get to the question but the Deputy speaking about employment safety is fascinating. Earlier today we spoke about the idea of people moderating this content. If a system is based on censorship instead of making products safer, we must have humans in the loop who get exposed to huge amounts of this horrible and toxic content.

They are the humans who actually keep the AI honest or who deal with the nuances of it. Imagine a world where there were better employment protections for Irish citizens who were the moderators of these companies - people who are getting horrible mental health issues and some of whom are killing themselves. It might be a thing where just giving better employment protections to Irish citizens ends up pushing these companies towards having more systems-based solutions instead of censorship-based solutions.

With regard to the larger question of how we make sure we have ways of filing claims, having some kind of class action mechanism where, say, the parents of children who have been harmed could come forward and say, “We have all had the same problem happen and we have been deeply injured”, or “Our children have been deeply injured”, would provide a financial incentive for making sure these platforms make responsible choices.