Ms Orlaith O'Connor:

There are two points I will add to Ms Evelyn O'Connor's contribution. On the junior cycle, every one of the subject specifications in junior cycle includes, as one of the key skills, that a student is literate. Literacy is built into the development of all of those specifications, as well as digital literacy. That is one aspect.

The second thing to mention is the reading recovery programme for primary schools, which is an intensive programme for those students who are identified early on and who would have difficulty in terms of their literacy. It is a short-term individual customised programme for those students and an early intervention to ensure that their literacy skills are developed.