Mr. Robin Mandal:

Of course. I thank the Deputy for asking the question. With regard to the SHDs, of the 334 applications that are current up to a few days ago, there were 70 refusals; 30 are pending; five were withdrawn; 22 have already been quashed and 29 judicial reviews are pending.

In addition, there are 126 material contraventions. Out of all of those, excluding student accommodation, which got off the ground quite early, there are in excess of 10,700 units in respect of which commencement notices have been served. Prior to opening up again, we looked at all the construction sites in Dublin in respect of which there were commencement notices. The start of construction is not the same as a commencement notice. Also, quite a few of the commencement notices are just for site works. We reckon at this stage where there are more than 70,000 units granted - there are no judicial reviews, they are ready to go - and only 10,000 units are actually under construction, or at least have commencement notices, it is patently a failure. All those that have been granted should be being built. If one looks at the 10,000 units that commencement notices have been served for and divides that number over four years - we can take out one year because of Covid - that comes to 2,500 units a year. We are supposed to be building, which we are, between 20,000 and 22,000 units. That is a tiny proportion. The cost of it in terms of what we are getting is astronomical.