Professor Anthony Staines:

I suggest I take the first part of the question and pass the second part to Mr. O'Brien. The economic damage is driven by the virus and it is instructive to compare Sweden with Denmark. Both have had significant economic damage but Sweden has had more than Denmark. Sweden had no lockdown and very high death rates. Denmark had a lockdown, with much lower death rates. Studies within the United States and South Korea both suggest the same idea, that the regional economic damage was not driven by government and state response to infection but was driven very directly by the rate of infection itself. That needs to be the focus. As Professor Michie said, it is not the case that health and wealth are in opposition but instead they are really pushing in the same direction. Mr. O'Brien would know vastly more about this than I do.