Mr. Graham Doyle:

I drew a blank on the Deputy's aviation question before I brought Ms Behan in. In an international context, the trading system is there and the work on carbon offsetting at the ICAO is particularly relevant to that. Emissions from aviation are being examined at that level internationally and Ireland is taking part in that process.

There is a pilot programme from 2021 that we are signed up to, along with the other members of the European Civil Aviation Conference. In an Irish context, as well as under the national aviation policy, we also have an informal implementation group consisting of ourselves, the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment, the EPA and the Irish Aviation Authority, that is collaborating on the implementation of the pieces that are working through the International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO.

We see technology improving in the aviation space and there is an ongoing programme.