Ms Laura Burke:

Food Harvest 2025 is an ambition for a sector: this is data. The ambition of Food Harvest 2025 is to have sustainable intensification. There was discussion about no net increase because of other factors such as beef, as mentioned by Professor FitzGerald. On the ground, the evidence is that emissions are increasing.

On what can happen, it comes back to behaviour, as mentioned by Professor FitzGerald.

A marginal abatement cost curve developed by Teagasc looks at actions that can be taken at low cost and no cost. The question that arises is why these actions are not being taken already if they lead to a cost saving. We then get into behavioural change which leads me back to smart farming and so forth. We in the Environmental Protection Agency and other bodies can say what should happen from an ivory tower, but we need to engage with communities on the ground and find out what the barriers are. Some of these barriers were alluded to in the context of forestry. That is the evidence we are seeing.