Paschal Donohoe (Dublin Central, Fine Gael) | Oireachtas source

No, it is possible that a criminal investigation could start. I did not say one would start. For example, there is a provision later in the Bill about fines being applied in this area, they are referred to as fixed charge notices, but the possibility of that happening is laid out in the Bill. There is also a more likely mechanism where, for example, the standards commissioner would write to the relevant Oireachtas committee and say that in his or her opinion the law has been infringed. It is then up to the relevant Oireachtas committee to make an adjudication on the matter if the member is a Member of the Oireachtas.