Dr. Paul McGowan:

I will address the third question from Deputy Cowen on the achievement of efficiencies if people are not being directly charged. We should be holding Irish Water to account for the same level of efficiencies regardless of whether they are directly charging customers. There are many jurisdictions, Northern Ireland being one, where there is not a direct charge to households for water, yet Northern Ireland Water has been held to account for delivering sizeable efficiencies. We would expect the same of Irish Water.