Mr. Ray Coyne:

With respect to the multi-mode mobility solution, we have gone some way towards reflecting this in recent years in Dublin. The Leap card was a key enabler as customers can jump between different modes of transport using the same ticket. The operators in the National Transport Authority, NTA, have increased the integration of our own services within that timeframe. Recently, we have seen that dublinbikes subscribers can use their Leap cards to use that service. It is the next step.

Hanover essentially has mobility as a service and it is an application. One can develop the technology and have an application to allow customers to pay for all services through one payment mechanism. One can build in a number of transport options. In Hanover there are taxis in the system as well. Ultimately, the application calculates the best fare. It is like a shared service so the customer can choose what he or she wants to pay every month. A person might pick a transport option costing €10 per week or it may be €50 if that person uses the service more often. The technology is a key aspect but it is enabled by all the operators working together. There has been much work done on that are there will be discussions between the NTA and operators on the next iteration of Leap, which may move to account-based ticketing. That would allow systems like that in Hanover to be introduced. We have done some of the work and there is much we can do in the area.