Paschal Donohoe (Dublin Central, Fine Gael)
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I am informed by Revenue that for Capital Acquisitions Tax (CAT) purposes, the relationship between the deceased person (i.e. the disponer) and the person who receives the gift or inheritance (i.e. the beneficiary) determines the maximum amount, known as the “Group threshold”, below which CAT does not arise. The Group A threshold (currently €335,000) applies, inter alia, where the beneficiary is a child (including adopted child, stepchild and certain foster children) of the disponer.

A foster child is treated as a child of the disponer and can avail of the Group A threshold in the following circumstances:

- in respect of a gift or an inheritance from a foster parent with whom he or she has lived, and who has cared for and maintained the child at his or her own expense, for a cumulative period of at least 5 years before the child’s 18th birthday, or

- in respect of an inheritance from a foster parent where, prior to the inheritance, the child had been placed in the care of the foster parent under the Child Care (Placement of Children in Foster Care) Regulations 1995, or the Child Care (Placement of Children with Relatives) Regulations 1995.

Therefore, the current position is that certain children in either informal long-term foster care arrangements or formal foster care arrangements can avail of the Group A tax-free threshold on inheritances from a foster parent. Where a foster child who is the subject of an informal long-term arrangement avails of the Group A threshold, there is a requirement that a minimum of two witnesses can attest to the bona fides of the arrangement.

It is worth noting that a person can bequeath their principal private residence, generally the most substantial asset held by an individual, free from tax under the dwelling house exemption which allows for property to be inherited tax free where the inheritor is already living in the home, irrespective of the person’s relationship to the inheritor, subject to certain conditions.

Information is also available on the Revenue website at the link www.revenue.ie/en/gains-gifts-and-inheritance/cat-reliefs/foster-child-relief/index.aspx.

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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177. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of extending the reduced rate of VAT at 9% applying to electricity and gas to 31 December 2022. [36925/22]

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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178. To ask the Minister for Finance he estimated cost of applying a reduced rate of VAT at 9% applying to electricity and gas from 1 January 2023 to 30 June 2023. [36926/22]

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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179. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of applying a reduced rate of VAT at 9% applying to electricity and gas from 1 January 2023 to 12 October 2023. [36927/22]

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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180. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of applying a reduced rate of VAT at 9% applying to electricity and gas from 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2023. [36928/22]

Paschal Donohoe (Dublin Central, Fine Gael)
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I propose to take Questions Nos. 177 to 180, inclusive, together.

I am informed by Revenue that traders are not required to identify the VAT yield generated from the supply of specific services on their VAT returns. Therefore, it is not possible to provide an accurate costing for the potential measures outlined. However, a tentative estimate of the likely costs arising from extending the current arrangements whereby electricity and gas supply are subject to the second reduced rate of VAT to end on October 31st is as follows:

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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181. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of maintaining the existing reduced rates of excise duty total mineral oil tax on petrol and diesel from 13 October 2022 to 31 December 2022. [36929/22]

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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182. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of applying the existing reduced rates of excise duty total mineral oil tax on petrol and diesel from 1 January 2023 to 30 June 2023, 12 October 2023 and 31 December 2023 respectively. [36930/22]

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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183. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of applying reduced rates of excise duty total mineral oil tax on petrol and diesel to €359 per 1,000 litres and €330 per 1,000 litres, respectively, from 13 October 2022 to 31 December 2022. [36932/22]

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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184. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of applying reduced rates of excise duty total mineral oil tax on petrol and diesel to €359 per 1,000 litres and €330 per 1,000 litres, respectively, from 1 January 2023 to 30 June 2023, 12 October 2023 and 31 December 2023. [36933/22]

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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185. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of applying excise duty at a rate of €0 per 1,000 litres on home heating oil from 30 September 2022 to 31 December 2022. [36934/22]

Pearse Doherty (Donegal, Sinn Fein)
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186. To ask the Minister for Finance the estimated cost of applying excise duty at a rate of €0 per 1,000 litres on home heating oil from 1 January 2023 to 30 June 2023, 12 October 2023 and 31 December 2023, respectively. [36935/22]

Paschal Donohoe (Dublin Central, Fine Gael)
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I propose to take Questions Nos. 181 to 186, inclusive, together.

I am advised by Revenue that the estimated costs of extending reduced Mineral Oil Tax (MOT) rates, for the periods outlined by the deputy, in respect of petrol and diesel, are shown in the following tables.

Petrol

Diesel

In relation to Questions 36932/22 and 36933/22, I am advised that Ireland’s taxation of fuel is governed by European Union law as set out in Directive 2003/96/EC, commonly known as the Energy Tax Directive (ETD).

The ETD prescribes minimum tax rates for fuel with which all Member States must comply. The ETD minimum rates for petrol and diesel are €359 per 1,000 litres and €330 per 1,000 litres respectively. In complying with ETD minimum rates, total MOT rates (both non-carbon and carbon component rates) are taken into account. The estimated cost of applying the ETD minimum rates to petrol and diesel are set out in the following tables.

Petrol

Diesel

In relation to Questions 36934/22 and 36935, I am advised by Revenue that MOT on heating kerosene is comprised of a €0.00 non-carbon component and a carbon component currently set at €122.83 per 1,000 litres.

The ETD minimum rate of taxation on kerosene used for heating purposes is set at zero. The cost of reducing the carbon component to zero cents per 1,000 litres for the timeframes set out by the deputy are contained in the following table.

Kerosene