Mark Daly (Fianna Fail)
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I welcome guests of Deputy Michael Murphy from Cashel rehab centre and Knocklofty rehab centre. They are most welcome to Seanad Éireann. I thank them for being here today.

The Minister of State, Deputy Ardagh, is here as well. I thank her for being here. She can go to the Distinguished Visitors Gallery. As a former Member, she has that privilege.

Garret Ahearn (Fine Gael)
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I also welcome the guests from Cashel and Knocklofty to the Chamber. I am right next door to Knocklofty at home.

The Order of Business is No. a1, Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Bill 2026 - Second Stage, to be taken at 6.30 p.m. and to conclude at 8.15 p.m., if not previously concluded, with the time allocated to the opening remarks of the Minister not to exceed ten minutes, group spokespersons not to exceed eight minutes, all other Senators not to exceed four minutes and the Minister to be given no less than ten minutes to reply to the debate; and No. b1, Dublin Airport (Passenger Capacity) Bill 2026 – Second Stage, to be taken at 8.15 p.m. and to conclude at 9.30 p.m., if not previously concluded, with the time allocated to the opening remarks of the Minister not to exceed ten minutes, each group spokesperson not to exceed eight minutes, all other Senators not to exceed four minutes and the Minister to be given no less than ten minutes to reply to the debate.

Fiona O'Loughlin (Fianna Fail)
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As Ireland begins its EU Presidency at a very pivotal and challenging time, I wish all of those involved from the Taoiseach, the Tánaiste, the Minister, Deputy McEntee, and the Minister of State, Deputy Thomas Byrne, all the best and of course all those in the Department of foreign affairs, in particular Aingeal O’Donoghue, the ambassador to the EU. She is going to have a very busy six months. Having been in the embassy in Brussels a number of times, the people we have there are absolutely dedicated. They are top class. I wish everybody well over the next six months.

I pay tribute to the late David Andrews who passed away this week. He served his constituents in Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown for almost four decades in an extraordinary life of public service. During that time, he held a series of ministerial positions; Minister for Defence, Minister for the Marine and Minister for Foreign Affairs at a crucial time in the negotiation of the Good Friday Agreement. His commitment to Ireland, his constituents and the party I am proud to serve, Fianna Fáil, was second to none. Beyond politics, he was a huge advocate for human rights. He was a barrister and campaigned, for example, for the Birmingham Six and the Guildford Four. On behalf of the Fianna Fáil Party in the Seanad, I extend our condolences to his wife, Annette, his sons, our colleague, Barry Andrews MEP and David McSavage, Mary, Sinead and Claire and of course his nephew, Senator Chris Andrews, who is a Member of this House.

I spoke only yesterday about the income disregard for carers rising, which is significant. I was really saddened and annoyed to see this morning an article in the Irish Independent that Kfm covered. It brought to my attention serious concerns for home care patients in Kildare. Apparently, an internal HSE circular is now restricting home care approval to only critical, urgent cases and palliative, end-of-life care. Patients in high need will be turned away and those in moderate need have very little chance of any approval this year, hitting hardest those who rely on home care for basic nursing supports like medication administration. Apparently, the HSE has also capped home care hours at 14 hours a week. These are the most vulnerable people in society who have all too often been forgotten. They deserve to be cared for in their own homes with dignity. I would like a full debate with the Minister for Health to see what alternative supports can be put in place.

Mike Kennelly (Fine Gael)
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I ask the Minister for housing and local government to amend regulations governing the retirement age for firefighters to allow those who remain medically and physically fit to continue serving until the State pension age of 66. Approximately 3,300 firefighters are serving in Ireland with more than 2,000 serving as retained firefighters. They staff the vast majority of our 217 fire stations and are the backbone of the fire service in rural and regional Ireland. They respond to fires, road traffic collisions, flooding and other emergencies while balancing their role with work and family commitments. They provide an invaluable front-line service to communities across the country.

Under the current regulations, retained firefighters can remain in service beyond the age of 55 if they pass annual medical and fitness assessments but must retire at 62. That means many are forced to leave up to four years before they qualify for the State pension. The Government acknowledged recruitment and retention challenges when it increased the retirement age from 60 to 62 in 2024. However, those challenges remain. Fire services, particularly in rural Ireland, continue to struggle to recruit and retain personnel. Requiring experienced firefighters to retire at 62 only makes that situation worse. This proposal is not about lowering standards. Those wishing to remain in service already undergo annual medical and fitness assessments and can only continue with the approval of their employing fire authorities, which are the local authorities. The safeguards are already in place. The proposal simply extends the existing fitness-based approach to the State pension age of 66.

There is also a clear issue of fairness. Retained firefighters can be required to retire up to four years before they qualify for the State pension despite being fit, capable and willing to continue serving. That gap has to be addressed. There is real urgency. Firefighters approaching their 62nd birthday in the coming weeks and months face compulsory retirement under the current regulations. If the Government intends to make this change, it must act now. I ask the Minister to introduce an immediate pause or freeze on compulsory retirements at the age of 62 while the necessary regulatory changes are progressed. It would be deeply unfair if experienced firefighters were forced to retire only for the rules to change shortly afterwards. This is a sensible and practical reform. It will help to retain experienced firefighters, strengthen emergency response, support rural fire services and align retirement with the State pension age, while maintaining the high standards of safety through annual medical and fitness assessments.

I ask the Minister for housing to come to the Seanad to debate amending the regulations to allow retained firefighters to serve until the age of 66, where they continue to meet the required medical and fitness standards, and to introduce an immediate freeze to that no firefighter is disadvantaged while this change is considered.

Joe Conway (Independent)
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I want to record my concerns about the proposed data centre and energy campus development at Blackknock in Adamstown, Kilmeaden, County Waterford.The proposal by Echelon Data Centres and Kent Homes Limited includes three large data centres, a solar farm, battery energy storage systems and a gas-powered energy centre across approximately 108 ha of rural land.

While located in Kilmeaden, the issues raised by this development are of national importance. At a time when Ireland is seeking to reduce emissions and meet ambitious climate targets, serious questions arise regarding the project’s electricity demand and source of supply, the role of gas-fired generation and associated emissions, water consumption and its impact on local resources and aquifers, the cumulative impact of large-scale data centre developments on Ireland’s energy infrastructure and the compatibility of such developments with national climate, planning and environmental policies. This proposal also raises broader concerns regarding the industrialisation of rural communities and the long-term implications for Ireland’s environment, energy security and infrastructure capacity. I believe these matters warrant national scrutiny and should not be considered solely through the local planning process.

Also, in light of the recent Friends of the Earth and United Nations report regarding data centres, which could all be read here with redound, I am deeply concerned about the road we are taking. Many would say that the world is beginning to tip into great climate challenge. Just this morning I saw in The Irish Times that there is a likelihood we will face €13 billion annual fines for breaching emissions targets in the decades to come.

I respectfully request we seek a debate in Seanad Éireann on the implications of this development and the wider policy issues surrounding large-scale data centre projects in Ireland.

Mark Daly (Fianna Fail)
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Before I call on the next speaker, I welcome guests of Senator Curley, Ciarán Hayden and Jennifer Davidson from the Writers' Guild. I thank them for being here.

Chris Andrews (Sinn Fein)
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I want to acknowledge and congratulate Cricket Ireland. Over the weekend it had absolutely fantastic success, with three huge wins. It will be remembered in Irish cricketing history. The Irish men beat India and the Irish women had their first win in the T20 world cup. It is a fantastic achievement. The big three sports are well supported but it shows that it is important to support and invest in smaller sports like that, so I acknowledge Cricket Ireland’s success.

I also want to acknowledge today is the first day of Ireland’s EU Presidency. It is an important opportunity for Ireland to secure its interests at a European level. Up to €400 million is set to be spent on this Presidency. That is many times more than what was spent by the last two Presidency countries combined. That might well be worth the cost if the Government delivers real results but, unfortunately, there have been quite clear signs from Ministers that Ireland intends only to be an EU functionary rather than using this rare opportunity to advance specific Irish interests. We should be using this Presidency to put Irish unity back on the agenda in Brussels and we should be convening a summit to examine reunification, push for representation of Irish citizens in the North within EU institutions and advancing support for unity at the Council level. We should also be leading an effort to scrap the EU-Israel Association Agreement and push for EU recognition of Palestine and for sanctions to be placed on illegal Israeli settlements.

Concerns also exist regarding our approach to competitiveness and neutrality with this Presidency. The EU is pushing for deregulation as a means of increasing competitiveness and stimulating economic growth. I fully accept that economic growth is urgently needed but deregulation that comes at the cost of workers is not a step forward.

Separately, I am very concerned about the defensive aspects of this Presidency. Yesterday, it was revealed that a French warship will be operating just off the coast of Ireland as part of the security arrangements for EU events in Dublin. This is very questionable on a legal level given that the Constitution clearly prohibits maintaining foreign military forces within our border. Ireland should not be in a position that we are relying on NATO for basic security purposes. The lack of preparation and investment by Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael in our Defence Forces has unfortunately made this a reality. If this is the trend for the next six months it will have very grave effects on our neutrality. It is very important for the Minister for foreign affairs to clarify this issue and state whether Ireland is entering into a de facto military alliance for the duration of the Presidency.

The European Presidency offers a huge opportunity and we have to grasp it. We should not be seen as just a back-up band for Ursula von der Leyen and militarisation.

Paul Daly (Fianna Fail)
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At the outset I would like to be associated with the words of the Deputy Leader on the passing of David Andrews. I want to extend my personal sympathies to our colleague, Barry Andrews MEP, his nephew, Chris, our colleague here in the Seanad, and the extended Andrews family.

There is an article in today’s Irish Independent about EV charging infrastructure. The ESB has announced that while it has 1,600 chargers, only 1,400 can be used at any one time, although it admits this has nothing to do with grid infrastructure but its own infrastructure as some of these are almost outdated and cannot be used simultaneously by multiple vehicles. It was also highlighted that the latest price increase will bring its KW hour price for a unit of electricity at a fast charger to 73 cent. I am a converted EV driver – I will receive my third electric vehicle on Friday. I charge at home and I have solar panels but I have done a night rate deal with the ESB whereby between the hours of 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. I can get electricity at 10 cent a unit. A comparison was done on the radio this morning which showed that 73 cent a unit actually works out at €12 per 100 km of travel distance, whereas petrol or diesel is only €10. It is actually more expensive. There is no incentive there. When you are stuck for a charge, you are stuck for a charge. To me, it is blatant gouging. The ESB can sell me the electricity at 10 cent and it can buy the electricity that my solar panels are producing for 19 cent and then it charges 73 cent. It is not the worst. There are other suppliers charging up to 85 cent. It is way more expensive to go to a fast charger than it is to fill up with diesel or petrol. We need the Minister in here. We need to discuss the infrastructure and the pricing. While we were encouraging people to buy electric vehicles, after all the tribulations around the Strait of Hormuz people are coming to it themselves without encouragement. The last thing we want is for them to be driven back by what is nothing short of price-gouging.

Rónán Mullen (Independent)
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Many organisations are meeting politicians in Leinster House in connection with their pre-budget submissions. I would like to draw the attention of the House to two very important ones. I dtosach báire, cuirim ar aird an Tí seo a luachmhaire is atá obair TG4 don tír. Tá sé ag lorg maoinithe breise, ar luach €11 milliún é, don bhliain seo chugainn chun cur ar a chumas na haidhmeanna straitéiseacha atá aige a chur chun cinn agus níos mó a chur ar fáil dá lucht féachana. Ní mór cur san áireamh go n-infheistíonn TG4 74% den mhaoiniú poiblí a fhaigheann sé isteach san earnáil léiriúcháin neamhspleách. Is é TG4 an t-infheisteoir is mó sa léiriúchán neamhspleách réigiúnach. The value of TG4 to the country will be seen in the coming weeks when its fantastic Tour de France coverage will continue. It will continue for the next few years and I want to wish it well. It is always an excellent production and most enjoyable. TG4 invests three quarters of its public funding in the independent production sector and it is the biggest investor in regional producers. I just want to cur agus tacú le hiarracht TG4 inniu.

I would also like to mention the Irish Men’s Sheds Association. By the middle of next year there will be over 500 active men’s sheds in the country. I think we all agree that men’s sheds are bringing something irreplaceable into Irish life, combating isolation and giving men, in particular, a much-needed forum to meet and work together. It is a tremendously positive thing which helps to combat social problems which we know are there, particularly around men and men’s isolation.They deserve every support. They are seeking a total fund of €3,000 per shed in next year's budget. That would be an investment of €1.5 million and they have various other sensible proposals targeting the needs of particular men's sheds where special resources are needed.

One of two not quite cost-neutral but very important asks would be that commercial rates would not apply to men's sheds. Could the Government work with local authorities to ensure those commercial rates are waived? Could it also work with local authorities to ensure that men's sheds can have long-term leases so they can be sure of their continued existence? Very often, that is quite precarious. Go raibh míle maith agat, a Chathaoirligh. Gabh mo leithscéal as dul thar fóir ansin.

Aubrey McCarthy (Independent)
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I reiterate what my colleague Senator Paul Daly said regarding the electric chargers and price-gouging, as he called it. It seems like we were all encouraged to switch to electric vehicles, EVs, or hybrid cars because they were very cost-efficient, etc. Now that we have all done that, it looks like the pendulum has swung and charging is more expensive than diesel or petrol. We certainly need to look at that.

As Senator Andrews mentioned, there are huge opportunities as we taken on the Presidency of the Council of the European Union for the eighth time. Yesterday, I was delighted to attend an event at Technological University, TU, Dublin with the Minister of State, Deputy Thomas Byrne. He spoke to ambassadors and diplomatic representatives from all over Europe. It was a reminder that even though Ireland is a small nation, we have a loud voice and it carries influence on the central European stage. He spoke, under the motto, "Ní neart go cur le chéile", which means "strength with unity", about how Ireland will lead the EU Presidency for the next six months. We are going to focus on competitiveness, values and security. It is worth reflecting, when we look at that, how far we have come and what European membership has done for Ireland. It has transformed Ireland. Everything is not perfect but it has brought peace, opportunity and prosperity. I see that our nearest neighbour, which opted out of Europe, is now looking at different ways to get back in. We have come from being one of Europe's poorest countries to being one of its most dynamic economies and we should never forget that it was solidarity that helped us get there.

The Presidency comes at a challenging time and Europe continues to face Russia's war in Ukraine. The Leader knows I am the convener of the Ukraine-Ireland parliamentary group. We need to make sure we rise to the challenge to defend and stand with Ukraine during this. Over the next six months, we also have a unique opportunity to help shape Europe for 450 million European citizens. It is a remarkable responsibility and one we should approach with confidence. I wish the Taoiseach, the Tánaiste, the Minister of State, Deputy Thomas Byrne, the Minister, Deputy Helen McEntee, and all of the Irish officials representing our country every success as they lead Ireland in the European Union Presidency.

Mark Daly (Fianna Fail)
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Before I call on the next speaker, I welcome guests of former Senator, Ivana Bacik, a Member of the other House and leader of the Labour Party. They are from the New York University summer in Dublin program. They are most welcome to Seanad Éireann and I thank them for being here. Anois, an Seanadóir Sarah O'Reilly.

Sarah O'Reilly (Aontú)
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I raise the issue of electricity prices. We have heard over and over that Ireland has the highest electricity rates in Europe. However, it may surprise the Leader to know that Ireland has the second highest household electricity prices in the world, second only to Bermuda. We should think about that for a second. Households in Ireland - hard-working families - are paying the second highest electricity prices in the world. At the same time, the ESB, a semi-State body, has made almost €3 billion in after-tax profits over the past four years. We have over 300,000 households in energy arrears, yet, just today, electricity prices have gone up again. Who exactly is benefiting from this system? It is not the ordinary taxpayer.

Today, Aontú brought forward a motion in the Dáil to tackle the cost of living because this is about much more than electricity bills. Over the last five years, families have been hit by once price shock after another. Grocery bills have risen by around 40% since 2021. Energy bills are up by 57%. Diesel prices have soared and overall prices in Ireland are 36% above the EU average. Many families find it impossible to afford everyday emergencies, such as a car breaking down, a new washing machine or fridge or an unexpected trip to the dentist. It feels like people are working harder and harder and getting less in return. The situation has become so absurd that it is now more expensive to charge an electric vehicle than fill the tank with petrol or diesel. If my household identified as a data centre, I would have access to significantly cheaper electricity rates than ordinary households, as is the case for data centres in this country.

Electricity is a necessity. A semi-State company should not be maximising profits while hundreds of thousands of households struggle to pay their bills. Aontú's motion would reduce ESB profits to zero to ensure households get a fair price for electricity. That should make it enough money to cover costs and invest. It should not profit off the backs of taxpayers.

Gerard Craughwell (Independent)
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I omitted to formally congratulate the Leader yesterday on his elevation. I assume there will be bonfires all over Tipperary as he arrives home this weekend. I ask him to please forgive me for not officially congratulating him.

I will say a few words at the start at our Presidency of the European Union. My thoughts are with the public servants who have been seconded from Departments all over the place to facilitate the Presidency of the EU. We give the various Departments a bit of a licking now and again over various things that bother us, but it is amazing how the public service can step up to the plate at a time like this and show Ireland at its very best. In regard to the State and the Government but, most of all, those who will be at the coalface, working day and night to show this country in its best light, I wish them well and I hope everything goes as planned.

Garret Ahearn (Fine Gael)
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I thank the Senators who have spoken. I will start by acknowledging Senator O'Loughlin's well-thought-out contribution on the very sad passing of the former Minister, David Andrews. I pass on our condolences not only to our colleague here, Senator Chris Andrews, but also to Mr. Andrews's family - Annette, Barry, David, Mary and Sinead - on his sad passing. He left an incredible legacy over decades of service to this country. He has passed on that passion for public service to the next generation of his family, who are doing him proud as well. When I look at politics, certainly when I was young, he was one of those people who was looked up to and thought of as a statesman, who was above politics even. He was someone who was admired and respected by all sides of the House. As Senator O'Loughlin said, his role in the Good Friday Agreement still lasts 30 years later. On behalf of the House, we wish his family well. We are thinking of them at this sad time. Senator Andrews might pass on our condolences to the wider family.

Chris Andrews (Sinn Fein)
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I thank the Leader.

Garret Ahearn (Fine Gael)
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Senator O'Loughlin also spoke about the income disregard for carers, which she raised yesterday as well. It does seem ridiculous that approval is being restricted based on just how severe the situation is. That is not where we should be, certainly at a time when we have funding in place and there is money in the country to be able to support our most vulnerable people. A number of issues have been brought up over the past couple of days on the Order of Business in relation to health. We should have a wide-scope debate on health in this House and I am sure Senators will work with me on that. We might be able to do that very early after the recess.

Senator Mike Kennelly spoke about firefighters and the retirement age of 62. It seems quite unfair, if someone is fit and able and has been shown in tests to be fit and able, not to be allowed to continue working in a critical area in which we are trying to find people to work. It is mandatory for firefighters to retire at 62 and they still cannot receive a pension until they are 66. That should certainly be looked at. The fire service has obviously recognised it, considering the retirement age has been increased from 60 to 62. We have over 3,000 people working in the fire service who provide a daily service to people across the country at very tragic times and in difficult situations. They put their own lives at risk, so the least we can do is make sure their pay and conditions reflect the good work they do.I will ask the Minister to come in and see if he can play a role in pausing compulsory retirement.

Senator Joe Conway spoke about data centres. This is always a contentious issue. There are positives to the economic side of it. The tax data centres pay to the Government is beneficial. There is an environmental side to it as well and we need balance. Any planning decisions are a matter for Waterford City and County Council and, beyond that, An Coimisiún Pleanála. I take on the Senator's concerns and it is important to raise it if there are people in Kilmeadan concerned about it. I live not far from the area. Sometimes we do not highlight the important role data centres play as well.

Senator Andrews raised something I always like talking about, which is sport. I was at a cricket match a couple of years ago in Malahide. The men's win against India was phenomenal and to see the women back it up with the T20 is incredible. We always talk about the main sports - GAA, soccer and rugby - and that is reflected in funding. Whether from sports capital grants or other large funding for sports projects, the big sports organisations get a large proportion of that money. We need to invest in small sports. Cricket is a prime example. Boxing is one we are very successful in. Rowing is another one we need to invest more into. There are loads of examples of sports we need to support more. Those sports organisations need to be more ambitious in asking for money from us. Often you find there is a limited amount a sports organisation can ask for and the GAA asks for that exact amount, the highest it can ask for. If you tell a rowing, boxing or gymnastics club it can apply for up to €100,000, it will ask for €5,000. That culture needs to change and small clubs need to be ambitious. All of us here will do the best we can.

Rónán Mullen (Independent)
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The Leader should try out for the Oireachtas cricket team.

Garret Ahearn (Fine Gael)
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We have a few sports teams. I am a member, as is Senator Andrews. It is good for mental health and body health.

Rónán Mullen (Independent)
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I am not sure about my hand-eye co-ordination.

Garret Ahearn (Fine Gael)
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On the money we are spending on the EU Presidency, we are in the fortunate position of being the fastest growing economy in Europe and having the money to spend on a Presidency. Not long ago, in 2013, we did not have a penny to spend on the Presidency and every meeting was held in Dublin Castle. Even those from Dublin will recognise the importance of branching out beyond the M50. Some 25% of the meetings that will happen during these six months will be held outside of Dublin. That brings a wider audience to the Presidency, which is important, and promotes more than just Dublin, which is also important. There is real opportunity.

I agree that the Presidency is an opportunity to push again on the EU-Israel Association Agreement. We have done a lot in the past year or more to convince other countries, with 17 or 18 of the 27 EU countries now supporting our position. It is the big ones we need to get over the line. It is very difficult but the Minister is committed to trying to do that.

Senator Paul Daly spoke about ESB EV charging points. A sign of the mindset change regarding EVs is the fact the Senator and I are both EV drivers. I suspect that 30 years ago, traditional rural people would never have thought of getting EVs and now he and I both have them. The numbers will only increase, as the Senator said. People are moving to electric vehicles. We cannot have a situation where it costs more to charge a car than to get diesel or petrol. That is just ridiculous. The variation in prices in petrol stations is crazy. The Senator gave an example of 73 cent. That basically means to charge a car fully would cost about €50, which is bonkers. To charge a car at home costs 10 cent per unit for the Senator. I think I have it for a little bit less, at 9 cent. I will not promote the company I am with. There is a lovely night-time rate. To charge a car at home overnight costs €7 or €8. We cannot have one situation where it costs €7 or €8 to charge a car and another where it costs €50, with the same amount of energy. There is an opportunity to debate that. Sales of EVs are going up dramatically. Many people in rural Ireland see the opportunity in them. It would be worthwhile to have a debate on pricing and on making sure charges work.

Senator Mullen spoke on the budget submissions of TG4. TG4 representatives were in our committee talking about the work the channel has done to promote independent production, which is important. What is good about TG4 as well is it broadcasts things like the Tour de France and local club games, where people who are not Irish speakers can become familiar with the service and product TG4 provides.

Rónán Mullen (Independent)
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TG4 is closer to the people, generally speaking.

Garret Ahearn (Fine Gael)
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They all try to be as close as possible to the people.

Rónán Mullen (Independent)
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Some are better than others.

Garret Ahearn (Fine Gael)
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Yes, but it is important we recognise that.

Men's sheds have taken off in recent years. The request of €3,000 per shed is not a lot in terms of a budget measure. We can talk to the Minister on what can be done. Many men's sheds have not got any money at all. Rates are a matter for the Department and, in particular, county councils to decide. I think it is a token of gratitude. A lot of the work men's sheds do helps local authorities in terms of isolation and involvement in communities. A symbolic thing to do would involve rates. Men's sheds essentially have no money, which is not really fair.

Senator McCarthy spoke about the ESB, which I have dealt with, and the EU Presidency, which I have spoken about as well, and the opportunity it brings for Ireland over the next six months, which is important.

Senator Sarah O'Reilly spoke about electricity prices. We had a debate on that last night, and on removing the standing charge when a customer's electricity is gone. The Government recognised there is a cost-of-living challenge for many people. We brought forward a €750 million package two months ago to support people because of the increase in petrol and diesel prices. We will do more in the budget as we see fit. Those measures were not supported by the Senator's party. We will be there to support people in the winter period. While she is raising concerns over electricity prices and the cost of living, we are very aware that the challenges we have now could be very different in a number of months, depending on geopolitical factors that we cannot predict. Thankfully, we have the funding there. Because of Government measures and decisions in recent years, we have money set aside to help and we will help people in the budget.

Senator Craughwell spoke of the EU Presidency, particularly the work our public and Civil Service have done to prepare for it and the work they will do throughout the six months. It is a massive undertaking to plan this Presidency, particularly because we are going across the country with it. At times like these, we see the incredible public service we have. The people who serve our country will leave a lasting legacy during these six months.